Developed out of work undertaken by Konrad Lorenz—an Austrian zoologist, ethologist and ornithologist—the English term ‛mobbing' harks back to Lorenz's original expression ‛hassen auf', used to describe how prey species (primarily certain groups of birds) would ‛put the hate on' a predator by cooperatively attacking or harassing it. Focussed, for the most part, on examples from the natural world, already by the 1970's Lorenz's book of collected observations had been heavily anthropomorphized and used as signposts and signals for aggressive human behaviour— in the workplace, in the schoolyard, and beyond.